A smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm based on the Riemann solution has been presented in this paper. The improved SPH algorithm is applied to simulate the 2D axisymmetrical impact of projectiles on thin target plates. The effects of plate thickness, projectile shape and impact velocity on the debris clouds have been studied. The characteristics of the simulated debris clouds are in agreement with the experimental results, which show that SPH method is effective in modeling the hypervelocity impact problems.